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M9550020.TXT
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1995-03-04
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Document 0020
DOCN M9550020
TI Intrathecal synthesis of anti-myelin basic protein IgG in HIV-1+
patients.
DT 9505
AU Maimone D; Annunziata P; Cioni C; Leonardi A; Guazzi GC; Institute of
Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Italy.
SO Acta Neurol Scand. 1994 Oct;90(4):285-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/95141775
AB Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals
frequently develop a broad spectrum of neurological syndromes,
classified as HIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complex. Diffuse
demyelination of hemispheric white matter is a commonly observed in
HIV-1 infected brain, but the events leading to myelin destruction are
still obscure. Since oligodendrocyte infection by HIV-1 is not proven as
yet, myelin damage in HIV-1 infection may result from indirect
mechanisms such as the excessive release of myelinotoxic substances or
the triggering of autoimmune responses directed to myelin constituents.
To verify the latter hypothesis, we searched for elevated anti-myelin
basic protein (MBP) IgG levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and
serum of 25 patients with HIV-1 infection, 12 with multiple sclerosis
(MS), and 9 with non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NIND). CSF, but
not serum, anti-MBP IgG levels were more frequently elevated in HIV-1+
(16/25, 64%) than in MS (3/12, 25%) or NIND (0/9) patients. By using the
anti-MBP IgG index, the anti-MBP IgG antibody specificity index (ASI),
and the search for anti-MBP oligoclonal IgG, we ascertained that
anti-MBP IgG were produced within the CNS in 13 of 25 (52%) HIV-1+, in 6
of 12 (50%) MS, and in none of NIND patients. The incidence of increased
CSF anti-MBP IgG levels was higher among HIV-1+ patients at stage II-III
(4/4, 100%) or at stage IV B (7/9, 78%) than among those at stage IV
C-IV D (5/12, 42%). Although our data indicate that intrathecal anti-MBP
IgG may occur early during HIV-1 infection and that they are more common
in patients with HIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complex, the possible
demyelinating role of these antibodies remains to be demonstrated.
DE Autoantibodies/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID AIDS Dementia
Complex/DIAGNOSIS/*IMMUNOLOGY Blood-Brain Barrier/IMMUNOLOGY
Diagnosis, Differential Encephalitogenic Basic Proteins/*IMMUNOLOGY
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Human HIV
Seropositivity/DIAGNOSIS/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY
IgG/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID Immunoglobulins/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID Multiple
Sclerosis/DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY Myelin Sheath/IMMUNOLOGY Nervous System
Diseases/DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY Neurologic Examination
Neuropsychological Tests Support, Non-U.S. Gov't JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).